That’s called alienation/objectivation. Unfortunately we are and probably will be stuck with that for a long time to come.

Try start with How to design programs 2nd which has a online version. The authors believe everyone could have fun programming and so am I.

Most of the time, you just don’t need that much math to write codes and to be a good application developer.

true, I don’t see any definitions of memory safety in “Defining the memory safe problem” , but a more detailed discussion of memory safety is in the other article http://www.pl-enthusiast.net/2014/07/21/memory-safety/

Racket is a very good start point, everything you need even the IDE was bundled in the racket installer, as for the textbook I recommend HtDP 2nd https://htdp.org/2020-5-6/Book/index.html

StandardML, but without the module system, I would rather want a typeclass/trait/interface.